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gains were greater at the middle school level than in the elementary school.


Bland, Kay, Gary Morrison, and Stephen Ross (1992, November).  Student Attitudes
Toward Learninglink:  A Distance Education Project. Paper presented at the Annual
Meeting of the Midsouth Educational Research Association, Knoxville, Tennessee. 
The purpose of this study was to investigate the first offering of two interactive 
distance education courses at Memphis State University.  Of particular interest 
was how the students responded to the delivery mode and the methods of
instruction.  A survey revealed that most of the students in both courses indicated 
that they would study about the same amount of time, rely on classmates about 
the same, and take the same amount of notes in the distance education course as 
they would in a course with the instructor physically present in the classroom.


Cheng, Hui-Chuan, James Lehman, and Penny Armstrong (1991).  Comparison of
Performance and Attitude in Traditional and Computer Conference Classes, The
American Journal of Distance Education, 5(3).

This study tested the effectiveness of computer-mediated communication by 
delivering a graduate-level instructional computing course to remote sites, 
compared to traditional face-to-face instruction.  The overall findings of the 
study were that computer conferencing can be an effective educational tool, but 
further research is needed to clarify time-on-task issues, investigate cooperative 
learning arrangements, and determine if this type of instruction can be applied to 
other fields.


Cronin, Michael (1993, January).  A Review of Experimental Studies of Interactive
Video Instruction in Oral Communication.  Paper presented at the Convention of the
Association for Educational Communications and Technology, New Orleans, Louisiana. 
This paper reviews experimental research on the pedagogical effects of three 
interactive video instruction programs in oral communication.  Formative




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evaluations indicated that students enjoyed the programs.  Among several 
measures, it was found that students in the interactive video instruction compared 

	
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