mba distance learning programs

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K-12 Learning.   California Public Affairs Forum held at Stanford University, Stanford, 
CA. Retrieved October 4, 2001 from the World Wide Web: 
http://www.ccst.ucr.edu/cpa/bdd/BDDreport/BDD09.html.

This paper notes that the United States Commerce Department defines digital 
divide as differences in the shares of each group that is digitally connected. 
Income and education are key predictors with regard to digital divide. 
Differential access for U.S. households by race and ethnic origin from 2000 data 
show that Asian-American and Pacific Islanders lead, with Whites close behind, 
and Hispanic and Black households much less connected to the Internet.  There 
are profound differences with respect to age, with the percent of Internet users at 
its peak at 14 years of age.  Disabilities provide yet another major demographic




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area for a look at digital divide issues.  Also, there is a significant digital divide 
in schools serving lower-income communities.  A key finding is that digital 
inclusion for social mobility requires skills and knowledge ranging from basic 
literacy to new technical fluencies.

Sax, Linda J., Alexander W. Astin, William S. Korn, and Kathryn M Mahoney (2001). 
The American Freshman:  National Norms for Fall 2000.  Cooperative Institutional 
Research Program, American Council on Education, University of California, Los 
Angeles.

This survey of Fall 2000 freshmen shows that student use of personal computers 
has escalated in recent years and the gender gap in use has nearly closed. 
However, women lag far behind  their male counterparts when asked about their 
computing self-confidence.  Other gender differences in computing are found in 
questions related to Internet use.  Women are less likely than men are to 
participate frequently  in Internet chat rooms and less likely to report frequent 
Internet use for other reasons or activities.


Smerdon, Becky, Stephanie Cronen, Lawrence Lanahan, Jennifer Anderson, Nicholas
Iannotti, and January Angeles (2000).  Teachers Tools for the 21st Century:  A Report
on Teachers Use of Technology.  U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational


	

	
		
			
				
					
						




						
							
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